Question 1

Wilkerson has given her new patient several psychological tests. What approach should Dr. Wilkerson take in interpreting the test results?

Accepted Answer

Psychological tests can be helpful in understanding a patient's personality traits, but they should not be the sole basis for interpreting their behavior. Dr. Wilkerson should combine her knowledge of the test results with information from other sources, including the patient himself. This will help her gain a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of her patient's psychological makeup. It is important to note that the Rorschach and TAT tests are controversial and their reliability and validity have been questioned by some researchers. Therefore, they should not be solely relied upon.

Question 2

Teena was given a widely used personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). This test differs from other self-report inventories, such as the MMPI, CPI, and 16PF, in that:

Accepted Answer

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is designed to measure personality types rather than traits and has been criticized for its validity and reliability issues, unlike other inventories that focus on traits or other psychological aspects.

Question 3

Angel, age 25, is reflecting on her possible selves, wondering how her life will look 10 years into the future. Which of the following is NOT a critical question Angel should be asking herself?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Angel, age 25, is reflecting on her...

Question 4

Regarding projective tests, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Projective tests are not extremely accurate in predicting future behavior. Their results tend to be subjective and inconsistent, and different examiners may come to different conclusions. While they can provide insight into a person's personality and motivations, they should not be relied on as a definitive predictor of future behavior.

Question 5

Even before she enrolled in college, Diana's dream was to become a veterinarian. She is taking several college classes required to apply to a veterinary school. Diana's possible selves are likely to have a positive effect on:

Accepted Answer

Diana's possible selves, or the versions of herself she envisions becoming, are likely to positively impact her level of motivation and beliefs of self-efficacy in college. Having a clear goal and vision of her future as a veterinarian can help her feel more confident in her abilities and more motivated to succeed in her college classes and achieve her ultimate career goal. This can increase her beliefs of self-efficacy, or her belief in her ability to successfully complete tasks and achieve goals, which is an important predictor of academic success.

Question 6

The main strength of projective tests is that:

Accepted Answer

Projective tests do not have strong validity, consistency, or objectivity in scoring. However, their main strength is that they provide qualitative information about an individual's thoughts, feelings, and experiences. This information can be helpful in psychotherapy to better understand the individual's internal world and inform treatment approaches.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a weakness of the CPI, MMPI, and 16PF self-report inventories?

Accepted Answer

Scoring on self-report inventories is typically done objectively and automatically by computer software, reducing the subjectivity of the process. Scoring should not vary significantly between examiners if they use the same scoring method. Therefore, D is not a weakness of these inventories.

Question 8

Dylan wishes to apply the research on "possible selves" to help him become more motivated in college. As a first step, he should:

Accepted Answer

To apply the research on "possible selves," Dylan should become aware of the possible selves that he already holds and evaluate their effect on him. This will help him identify the possible selves that are most motivating and inspiring for him. Going to the student counseling center and asking to take the 16PF (A) is not related to the concept of possible selves. Recognizing and nurturing his repressed actualizing tendency (B) is based on the self-actualization theory, and although it may be useful, it does not directly address Dylan's motivation in college. Choosing heroic figures from films and novels as models for his future possible selves (D) can also be inspiring, but it does not address Dylan's current possible selves and their impact on his motivation.

Question 9

"Possible selves"

Accepted Answer

Possible selves are images or concepts that people have about themselves that reflect what they hope, fear, or expect to become in the future. They represent potential future selves that individuals can strive towards or avoid. This concept is related to self-concept and personal identity.

Question 10

Jose is a ninth-grader who dreams of becoming a major-league baseball player. Because of his _____, Jose will probably practice longer and harder than the other players on his high school softball team.

Accepted Answer

Jose's dream of becoming a major-league baseball player represents a "possible self," which is a component of self-concept that consists of the ideas a person has about what they might become, what they would like to become, and what they are afraid of becoming. This future-oriented aspect of self-concept can motivate behavior, such as practicing longer and harder, to achieve desired outcomes.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a strength of the self-report inventories discussed in your textbook?

Accepted Answer

The self-report inventories discussed in the textbook, such as the MMPI, CPI, and 16PF, are not designed to provide qualitative information about an individual's unconscious motives, conflicts, and feelings. They are primarily focused on measuring observable personality traits and behaviors.

Question 12

Nathan's personality test results indicated that he has a distinct personality type, ESTJ (extraverted, sensing, thinking, feeling). It is most likely that Nathan completed the:

Accepted Answer

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a personality test that identifies a person's preferences in four dichotomies of personality, resulting in 16 personality types. ESTJ is one of the 16 personality types identified by the MBTI. The other options, such as the 16 PF, CPI, and MMPI, are personality tests that focus on different aspects of personality and do not specifically identify personality types.

Question 13

A self-report test designed to assess personality types rather than personality traits is called the:

Accepted Answer

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a self-report test specifically designed to assess personality types based on the theories of Carl Jung. The other options (16PF, CPI, and MMPI) are all self-report tests designed to assess personality traits.

Question 14

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is a:

Accepted Answer

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is a self-report inventory based on Carl Jung's personality theory and his idea that people could be categorized into discrete personality types. It assesses personality based on four dichotomous dimensions: extraversion/introversion, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/perceiving. Each of these dimensions has two possible outcomes, resulting in a total of 16 different personality types.

Question 15

Despite the popularity of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) in business, counseling, and career guidance settings, research has pointed to several problems with the MBTI. Which of the following is NOT identified as a problem with the MBTI?

Accepted Answer

This statement is not identified as a problem with the MBTI, but rather an explanation of its origin and theoretical foundation. The problems identified with the MBTI include reliability, validity, and lack of empirical support for the existence of distinct personality types.

Quiz 10: Section 2: Personality