Question 1

Marcella's grandfather recently died.After the funeral,she asks her mom if grandpa is hungry.Marcella's question is an example of animism.

Accepted Answer

Animism is the belief that non-living things have feelings and intentions, and the question shows an example of this belief.

Question 2

Kai holds up a picture he is drawing to the phone as he is talking to grandma and says,"Look what I drew!" This indicates Piaget's concept of egocentrism.

Accepted Answer

Kai is assuming that his grandmother can see the picture he is holding up to the phone, which is an example of egocentrism according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 3

Athar is at a gas station when it is robbed.The police have him come down to the police station and pick photos out of a mug shot book.They are testing his recall of the robbery.

Accepted Answer

The police are testing Athar's recognition, not recall, as he is identifying suspects from photos rather than recalling details from memory without prompts.

Question 4

There is little relationship between IQ and socioeconomic status.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown a correlation between higher socioeconomic status and higher IQ scores. People with higher socioeconomic status have access to better medical care, nutrition, and education, which can all impact cognitive development and IQ scores. However, it is important to note that IQ is not the only measure of intelligence or success, and that there are many factors that contribute to socioeconomic status.

Question 5

In an information-processing system,the flow of information moves from storage to encoding to retrieval.

Accepted Answer

In an information-processing system, the flow of information typically moves from encoding (where information is learned or taken in), to storage (where information is maintained), and finally to retrieval (where information is accessed when needed).

Question 6

When exposed to rhymes,5-year-olds from wealthier families show more localization of language in the left hemisphere than children from poorer homes.

Accepted Answer

The given statement is true. Research studies have shown that children from wealthier families, when exposed to rhymes, show enhanced activity and localization of language in the left hemisphere, which is responsible for language processing. On the other hand, children from poorer homes show less asymmetric activity and less localization of language in the brain.

Question 7

Victor is in a class with many 3- to 6-year-olds.He works independently and at his own pace.He is most likely in a Montessori school.

Accepted Answer

Montessori schools are known for their emphasis on independent, self-paced learning for children in this age range.

Question 8

Children with autism often have difficulty with theory-of-mind tasks.

Accepted Answer

Theory-of-mind tasks involve understanding and predicting the beliefs, thoughts, and intentions of others. Children with autism often struggle with these tasks, as they may have difficulty understanding social cues and perspectives different from their own.

Question 9

By age 3 or 4,children fail to differentiate between fictional cartoon worlds.So if Mickey Mouse showed up on Sesame Street,they would be surprised.

Accepted Answer

By age 3 or 4, children can differentiate between fictional worlds and understand that characters from one fictional universe typically do not interact with those from another, so they might find it unusual but not necessarily surprising due to their understanding of fictional narratives.

Question 10

Valletta's parents enroll her in a school that is based on relationships with the environment,society,and people.Her classroom is beautiful and designed for a sense of well-being.Her parents have selected a Reggio Emilia school.

Accepted Answer

The description provided matches the philosophy and characteristics of a Reggio Emilia school.

Question 11

An IQ score represents an inborn quality that a child has,intelligence.

Accepted Answer

IQ scores are not solely based on inborn qualities or genetics, but also factors such as environment, education, and experiences can play a significant role in shaping intelligence.

Question 12

Children with imaginary friends have better storytelling skills than peers without imaginary friends.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that children with imaginary friends have better storytelling skills as they are constantly creating and narrating stories involving their imaginary companions.

Question 13

Aleksandra is sitting in church with her parents when she says,"That fat lady in front of us sure has a big hat!" This is an example of an inappropriate use of pragmatics.

Accepted Answer

This statement could be considered rude or insensitive and may offend the person being referred to. It is not appropriate to make negative comments about someone's appearance, especially in a public setting like a church.

Question 14

Justus does not realize that if a boy puts on girl clothes he is still a boy.This indicates that he is showing irreversibility.

Accepted Answer

Irreversibility is a concept in Piaget's theory of cognitive development where a child cannot mentally reverse a sequence of events. In this scenario, Justus cannot mentally reverse the fact that the boy is still a boy despite wearing girl clothes, which is an example of irreversibility.

Question 15

Dynamic tests of intelligence emphasize potential rather than present achievement.

Accepted Answer

Dynamic tests are designed to assess a person's ability to learn and solve problems, even if they have not yet acquired the knowledge or skills necessary to do so. This approach emphasizes potential for future growth and development, rather than simply measuring current levels of achievement.

Question 16

Someone tells you his name and as he is saying it,you cannot remember it.It most likely got lost in working memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Someone tells you his name and as...

Question 17

What are some of the benefits of early childhood education? Define universal preschool and discuss the proposed benefits of a universal preschool system.Describe the goals of The School of the Twenty-First Century.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some of the benefits of...

Question 18

To assess centration,Piaget presented children with the three-mountains task.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To assess centration,Piaget presented children with the...

Question 19

In Spanish,you say "casa blanca," in English,"white house." These rules are an example of pragmatics.

Accepted Answer

These rules are an example of syntax, which involves the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. Pragmatics, on the other hand, deals with how context influences the interpretation of meaning.

Question 20

Magical thinking often is the result of confusion between reality and fantasy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Magical thinking often is the result of...

Quiz 10: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood