Question 1

Multimodal therapy focuses on seven different parts of functioning, which together create the acronym BASIC ID. If a therapist works with a client who is typically passive when interacting with others, the treatment plan would focus on increasing assertiveness. Increasing assertiveness falls under the 'B' part of the acronym, which stands for __________ .

Accepted Answer

Arnold Lazarus developed multimodal therapy, to promote psychological growth, and encourage positive change, based on individual aspects of the human personality. The acronyms stand for Behavior, Affect, Sensation, Imagery, Cognition, Interpersonal factors, and Drugs/ Biology.

Question 2

Developmental Counseling and Therapy (DCT) is used to help individual's gain more range in cognitive developmental structures. Knowing this, one might correctly assume that DCT uses the framework of __________'s theory.

Accepted Answer

Piaget's theory of cognitive development is used as a framework for understanding DCT, including how information is obtained, and knowledge is constructed, and how this changes throughout one's life.

Question 3

In Developmental Counseling and Therapy (DCT), __________ is an example of an intervention used when addressing the sensorimotor modality of an individual.

Accepted Answer

The sensorimotor structuring process addresses an individual's emotions as experienced within the body. Yoga is an intervention that promotes awareness within the body, and highlights how emotions are embedded somewhere in the body.

Question 4

Observing children at a playground, then using a methodical means of collecting data is an example of __________ .

Accepted Answer

Systematic observation is used to gather information without facilitation of respondents or people being interviewed. Systematic observation is frequently used in scientific research. Information obtained in the systematic observation can be used as either evidence to support, or dispute a hypothesis.

Question 5

__________ and __________ are central focuses in integral therapy.

Accepted Answer

Integral therapy is a form of psychotherapy targeting the diverse, and individualized features of human development, including the biological, spiritual, emotional, and cognitive aspects. Integral therapy employs the spiritual life of the client to allow for a better understanding of themselves, and their surroundings. Diversity (more specifically culture and ethnicity) of the client is also addressed, as integral therapy posits that diversity issues affect all stages of life.

Question 6

Who developed cognitive therapy?

Accepted Answer

Aaron T. Beck is universally recognized as the father of cognitive therapy. Salvador Minuchin is a leader in family therapy. Albert Ellis was a psychologist that developed rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT). Carl Jung is widely known as the founder of analytical psychology.

Question 7

A major difference between solution focused therapy, and psychodynamic therapy is the focus on the __________ vs. __________ .

Accepted Answer

Solution focused therapy is oriented to present time, and looking for solutions to the problem in the here and now, while psychodynamic explores the individual's past through looking at childhood experiences, trauma, etc.

Question 8

A goal of existential therapy is for clients to face their fears. A common fear clients' present is the fear of death. To address this fear, clinicians frequently ask this question:

Accepted Answer

Existentialism deals with philosophical concepts of life, and death. Individuals often fear death, and deal with it through denying its' inevitability. Existential therapy asks questions about how clients might live life differently to bring the precious nature of life to the forefront.

Question 9

Regarding Motivational Enhancement Therapy, which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

Motivational Enhancement Therapy is focused on the treatment of drug, and alcohol abuse. It is goal-oriented, and assists the client in gaining the personal motivation to engage in treatment, and stop their drug/ alcohol use. Motivation Enhancement Therapy provides coping strategies to replace the previously used negative coping (the drugs or alcohol); it is time-limited; typically four sessions long.

Question 10

Collaborative therapy relies on __________ .

Accepted Answer

Collaborative therapy relies on dialogue between the client and therapist. This dialogue often sounds like a normal conversation, and creates the premise that social construction creates reality. Collaborative therapy is often used in marriage, or family therapy.

Question 11

Collaborative therapy centers on the idea that knowledge, and awareness are results of human interactions, and conversation. A therapist's role in collaborative therapy is to be a(n) __________ . Choose all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The collaborative therapist's role is to be a responsive, active listener, and ask the client casual, conversational questions, in order to encourage the client to view the situation, or struggle in a new light.

Question 12

What is the purpose of schema-focused therapy?

Accepted Answer

Schema focused therapy originated from the theory that people have enduring patterns of thinking that are difficult to change. Clients' 'schemas' are identified, through increased emotional awareness; old, negative patterns are replaced with healthier coping skills, and more positive self-talk.

Question 13

Family therapy assists clients in reflecting upon childhood memories, and using that knowledge to improve current relationships. What is a popular intervention frequently used in family therapy?

Accepted Answer

Reenactment is a familiar intervention to family therapy; this intervention involves the family identifying a challenging family interaction, and then reenacting it in session, with the support of the therapist. Another name for reenactment is psychodrama.

Question 14

Industrial/Organizational (I/ O) psychology explores how a workplace setting impacts an individual's behavior. I/ O psychologists do all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

I/ O psychologists use their research, and apply it to remedy organizational problems through coaching employees, implementing training programs, creating performance evaluations, optimize quality of life at work, and assess consumer preferences.

Question 15

The general goal of Industrial/ Organizational psychology is to study, explore, and better understand __________ in the __________ .

Accepted Answer

The global goal of I/ O psychology is to investigate, and study human behavior in the workplace. This is done to increase productivity, and assist in the development of better, more efficient tools for the workplace.

Question 16

Human factor psychologists spend much of their time doing __________, to create more productive work environments.

Accepted Answer

Human factor psychologists spend the majority of the time conducting research, and utilizing what they learn about human behavior to generate more productive work environments, and functional products.

Question 17

A part of Industrial and Organizational psychology looks at how to match individuals to a job that will best suit them. This is done through examining employee characteristics. This sect of I/ O psychology is called:

Accepted Answer

Personnel psychology explores individual characteristics, and traits to find a job best suited to their personality, and abilities. Personnel psychology is part of the industrial side of I/ O psychology.

Question 18

According to social cognitive career theory, an individual's career search can be influenced by his or her self-efficacy beliefs. Social cognitive career theory identifies four factors that can affect someone's self-efficacy beliefs. One of these is __________ .

Accepted Answer

If an individual sees others (whom they perceive as equally competent) complete tasks associated with a job or career they desire, it can increase their confidence in their own abilities. Watching others (vicariously experiencing), along with verbal persuasion, past performance, and physiological cues.

Question 19

In Social Cognitive Theory, counselors help clients explore real or perceived barriers to a specific career goal. An example of one of these barriers is __________ .

Accepted Answer

Social Cognitive Theory highlights the influences that hold individuals back from pursuing certain career goals. Family pressures, personal beliefs (questioning abilities), and lack of education are common barriers to obtaining certain career aspirations.

Question 20

Donald Super's Archway Model of Career Determinants theory explains how these three factors impact an individual's career development over a lifetime.

Accepted Answer

Donald Super's Archway Model of Career Determinants theory explains how career development is impacted over a lifetime through biographical, sociological, and psychological factors. Biological influences include beliefs, values, and needs; sociological influences are comprised of things such as the economy, family, and peers; psychological factors involve ones' self-concept.

Quiz 3: Counseling and Psychotherapy