Question 1

Which of the following statements represents the main function of the vestibulospinal descending pathway?

Accepted Answer

One of the main functions of the vestibulospinal descending pathway is to facilitate the activity of extensor (antigravity) muscles providing basic posture

Question 2

Which of the following structures does not receive blood from the external carotid artery?

Accepted Answer

The brain does not receive blood from the external carotid artery. Blood reaches the brain via the internal carotid artery, as well as the vertebrobasilar system.

Question 3

A malfunction of which cranial nerve would affect the efferent output of the gag reflex?

Accepted Answer

The gag reflex is mediated via both the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about cartilage is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is an avascular substance, which is formed by chondroblasts that secrete an extensive extracellular matrix.

Question 5

Which type of taste would most likely be altered if the entire tip of the tongue were damaged?

Accepted Answer

Sweet taste would most likely be altered if the entire tip of the tongue were damaged. Receptors for sweet sensation are mostly congregated at the anterior tip of the tongue.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a subcortical nucleus included in the basal ganglia?

Accepted Answer

The basal ganglia is a collection of the following subcortical nuclei: caudate nucleus and putamen (called the striatum), globus pallidus, subthalamus & substantia nigra. The spinobulbar tract is not included in the basal ganglia

Question 7

In what part of the body is sperm stored?

Accepted Answer

Sperm travels to the epididymis, where it matures and stored until ejaculation.

Question 8

Head movement would be affected in a patient with damage to which of the following spinal cord tracts?

Accepted Answer

Damage to the tectospinal tract of the spinal cord would affect head movement

Question 9

The jaw-jerk reflex involves efferent signals from which of the following cranial nerves?

Accepted Answer

The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve is responsible for the efferent signaling of the jaw-jerk reflex.

Question 10

Where does Meiosis II of sperm development MOST LIKELY occur?

Accepted Answer

The most likely place for Meiosis II of sperm development to occur is within the uterine tube (where the sperm typically fertilizes the ovum).

Question 11

Rivian ducts allow drainage from which of the following glands?

Accepted Answer

The sublingual gland drains into the oral cavity via the rivian ducts.

Question 12

In what part of the body are Hilar lymph nodeslocated?

Accepted Answer

Hilar lymph nodes are located at the root of the lungs and are involved in lymphatic drainage of the lungs.

Question 13

Which cranial nerve nuclei would be impaired if the medulla was damaged?

Accepted Answer

The medulla houses the nuclei of cranial nerves IX, X, and XII. Thus, impairment of certain functions would occur to the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and hypoglossal nerves.

Question 14

Which of the following is not associated with mMultiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis is a CNS disease usually associated with demyelinating lesions that limit neural transmission, mild to moderate impaired cognition, sensory deficits, and bowel and bladder deficits.

Question 15

Which of the following nerves innervates the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?

Accepted Answer

The mylohyoid nerve (branch of CN V3) innervates the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, which is considered part of the suprahyoid musculature of the neck.

Question 16

What two veins form the external jugular vein?

Accepted Answer

The external jugular vein is formed by a communication between the posterior auricular and posterior retromandibular veins. This structure drains the skin, parotid gland, and musculature of the face and neck before emptying into the subclavian vein.

Question 17

Identify the following nerve that innervates the anterior palatal mucosa.

Accepted Answer

The nasopalatine nerve supplies sensory innervation to the mucosa of the anterior hard palate. This nerve is a branch of CN V3.

Question 18

When do ameloblasts begin to secrete enamel matrix?

Accepted Answer

Ameloblasts begin secreting the enamel matrix after the odontoblasts first form dentin.

Question 19

Which of the following is a granulocyte?

Accepted Answer

Granulocytes include neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of syndesmosis?

Accepted Answer

An example of a syndesmosis involves the radius and ulna.

Quiz 1: Dental Board