Question 1

Gingivoplasty can help with:

Accepted Answer

Gingivoplasty can help with esthetics. Gingivoplasty allows for the reshaping of the gingiva and the papilla of a tooth to correct deformities or trauma. The gingivoplasty also helps the gingiva functionally form by physiological tissue contouring.

Question 2

What technique is used when the crown length is inadequate for restoration?

Accepted Answer

The technique used when the crown length is inadequate for restoration is crown lengthening. Portions of the gingiva and alveolar bone are removed to display a longer clinical crown. However, the techniques can be limited by crown-to-root ratio, location of furcation, tooth-arch relationship, and esthetics.

Question 3

Errors in radiographs happen often. Which term is an imaging error:

Accepted Answer

Errors in radiographs happen often. The terms light films, overbent films, dark films, and artifact are terms that describe errors in imaging. Light film is caused by incorrect distance, low milliamperage, and low density. Overbent films appear as if the film is cracked if the patient bites the film. Too much milliamperage causes dark films and it fails to expose. Artifact refers to objects in the film that were introduced by the patient, such as jewelry.

Question 4

What condition displays bilateral mandibular expansion?

Accepted Answer

Cherubism displays bilateral mandibular expansion. This condition is very rare and has an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The expansion of the mandibular is painless and usually takes place at the angle and rami. Often, developing teeth are displaced and/or fail to erupt. Radiographically, there are bilateral multilocular radiolucencies in the mandible. There is no defined treatment for this disorder; however, there may be remission and involution after puberty.

Question 5

Radiographically, what bone disease appears as cotton wool due to decreased bone density?

Accepted Answer

Radiographically, Paget's disease of the bone appears like cotton wool due to a decrease of bone density. The disease causes abnormal resorption and deposition of bone that result in distorted and dysfunction in bone remodeling. The disease is often polyostotic. Other signs and symptoms include bowing in the legs, increased head circumference with lion-like facial deformity, increased interdental spacing in the maxilla, and hypercementosis of the teeth. Treatment includes analgesics for bone pain, re-evaluations of prosthetics, and PTH antagonists to reduce bone turnover.

Question 6

What is a kilovoltage?

Accepted Answer

A kilovoltage is a unit measure of electrical potential. It is how fast electrons move between one potential electric circuits to another electric circuit. Increased kilovoltage reduces contrast on film, while decreased kilovoltage increases contrast.

Question 7

What condition is not associated with hypothyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid storm is not associated with hypothyroidism. Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism include lethargy, low body temperature, enlarged tongue and lips, dry and coarse skin, swelling of all body parts, failed tooth eruption, and malformed teeth. In adults, hypothyroidism is often caused by an autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland or Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In infants, the condition is called cretinism. Treatment is thyroid replacement therapy. Infants with cretinism must be treated quickly to avoid damage to the central nervous system.

Question 8

What drug is used as a sedative prior to dental procedures and for insomnia treatment?

Accepted Answer

The drug used as a sedative prior to dental procedures and prescribed for insomnia is Chloral hydrate. High doses can reduce blood pressure. The drug is moderately addictive.

Question 9

What is it called when aluminum disks absorbs X-ray low penetrating power?

Accepted Answer

When aluminum disks absorbs X-ray low penetrating power it is called filtration. There are two types of filtration: inherent and added. Inherent filtration is protection offered by parts of the equipment, such as the aluminum disks. Added filtration is additional protection added to the equipment, such as additional aluminum disks to further lower X-ray power.

Question 10

What is radiation damage to the bone and produces necrosis called?

Accepted Answer

Radiation damage to the bone and produces necrosis is Osteoradionecrosis. The time between initial radiation exposure and the first clinical sign of Osteoradionecrosis is referred to as the "latency period."? Due to the mandible bone being less vascular than the maxilla, the mandible is a common site of complication.

Question 11

During sickle cell crisis, patients have a high susceptibility to:

Accepted Answer

During sickle cell crises, patients have a high susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumonia. When in a sickle cell crisis patients present acute ischemic pain within the long bones, abdomen, lungs, and kidney malfunction. The crisis last several days, but may have been initiated by hypothermia, dehydration, hypoxia, or infection. Radiographs may show nonspecific enlarged marrow spaces or gaps and the hair will appear to be "on-end."

Question 12

When tooth loss does not correlate with functional patterns, the damage is due to:

Accepted Answer

When tooth loss does not correlate with functional patterns, the damage is due to erosion. Chemical processes cause erosion from acid, soft drinks, and gastric secretions. Posterior teeth show less loss than maxillary anterior teeth. The condition is seen often with those who suffer from bulimia.

Question 13

When smiling, the black space between the buccal surface of the teeth and the cheek are the what?

Accepted Answer

When smiling, the black space between the buccal surface of the teeth and the cheek are the buccal corridors. The buccal corridors are of particular interest when evaluating the esthetics of a smile. Veneers and other prosthetics aid in the manipulation of the buccal corridors appearance.

Question 14

What is Desflurane?

Accepted Answer

Desflurane is a general anesthetic, a vapor inhalant, and a halogenated compound. The major advantage of desflurane is its quick onset and offset. If the patient receives acute overexposure, headache and dizziness is likely to occur. Hypotension and respiratory depression increases as concentration of desflurane increases to maintain anesthesia. Thus, only trained individuals with proper equipment are to administer.

Question 15

What are the three tooth shapes?

Accepted Answer

The three tooth shapes are ovoid, square, and tapering. Tooth shape, as well as size and thickness, determines occlusion and smile attractiveness. Veneers and other prosthetics can change the shape of teeth to better occlusion and esthetics.

Question 16

Trigeminal neuralgia is known as:

Accepted Answer

Trigeminal neuralgia is known as tic douloureux. The condition is idiopathic in nature, that is, characterized by severe pain in the head and neck region that is abrupt and triggered by a light touch. The pain is distributed over the branches of the trigeminal nerve Treatment includes Carbamazepine, anticonvulsant medications, local anesthesia, neurosurgery, and glycerin injections.

Question 17

Autogenous subepithelial connective tissue graft is used:

Accepted Answer

Autogenous subepithelial connective tissue graft is used to gain root coverage when there is recession of the gingival. The subepithelial is more predictable treatment than using the palate as an extraction site for autogenous. Some causes of gingival recession include tooth brushing, periodontal disease, trauma, and aging.

Question 18

Linguopalatal sounds are made with which part of the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Linguopalatal sounds are made with the palate and creates the following sounds: sh (as in shingle), ch (as in chime), j (as in jack), z (as in lesion), r (as in roll), and y (as in yoke).

Question 19

The temporomandibular joint allows for rotation and translation of the mandible. What is the joint type?

Accepted Answer

The temporomandibular joint allows for rotation and translation of the mandible. The joint type is Ginglymodiarthrodial. The skull has three joint types: ginglymodiarthrodial, ellipsoidal, and synarthrosis.

Question 20

What is the most common oral prosthetic complication?

Accepted Answer

The most common oral prosthetic complication is a veneer fracture. This is often due to alloy and ceramic incompatibility, improper ceramic buildup, tooth surface contamination, improper preparation, and insufficient tooth integrity.

Quiz 1: Dental Board