Question 1

Retail outlets are:

Accepted Answer

Retail outlets are increasingly realizing the importance of catering to male and child shoppers as well, and are therefore taking them into consideration when developing their strategy. This trend can be seen in the increasing availability of men's and children's clothing and accessories in stores, and the development of marketing campaigns targeted at these demographics. While there is some consideration given to subcultural groups, it is not as prominent as the focus on male and child shoppers. Some retail outlets are also making changes to better meet the needs of today's shopper, such as implementing technology for a more seamless shopping experience.

Question 2

Lifestyle:

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle provides the basic motivation for purchases in an indirect manner as it influences an individual's attitudes, beliefs, and values that ultimately shape their purchasing decisions. It is not a direct determinant of purchases but plays a significant role in shaping an individual's preferences and choices.

Question 3

Lifestyle is influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle is influenced by a multitude of factors including demographics, personality, family, values, motives, and emotions. Therefore, all of the given options are correct.

Question 4

Experiencers are best described as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Experiencers are best described as:
...

Question 5

The current way in which males are portrayed in the media:

Accepted Answer

The portrayal of males in media is inconsistent and diverse, with a range of representations that may include both positive and negative stereotypes, as well as non-stereotypical portrayals. It is important to recognize and challenge harmful stereotypes, but also to strive for a more complex and realistic portrayal of male characters in media. Option A is incorrect because the portrayal of males in media may not always reflect how men think they really are. Option C is incorrect because stereotypes are often present in media representation of males. Option D is incorrect because there is at least one correct answer (Option B) among the given choices.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a VALS primary motivation?

Accepted Answer

All of the given answers are VALS primary motivations. Therefore, none of the options are correct.

Question 7

Strivers are best described as:

Accepted Answer

Strivers are characterized as individuals who are unsure of themselves and low on economic and psychological resources. They are enthusiastic about acquiring material possessions and are driven by the desire to improve their lives. They are often viewed as aspiring to a higher social class, but are not necessarily successful in achieving it. They tend to be hardworking and focused on their goals, but may face obstacles such as limited education and resources.

Question 8

The Australian population:

Accepted Answer

The Australian population has been increasing in recent years and is projected to continue to grow in the future according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

Question 9

Innovators are best described as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Innovators are best described as:
...

Question 10

The increased participation of women in the workforce has resulted in:

Accepted Answer

Both options A and B are true and mentioned in the question statement. Therefore, the best choice is D, which includes both options in the answer. The increased participation of women in the workforce has changed the way women see themselves and motivated towards work, and it has also resulted in marketers developing brand-positioning strategies for goods and services that appeal to the diverse women's market. Option C is untrue, and there is no mention or implication of changes in VALS in the question statement.

Question 11

The buying-power index (BPI) is an index:

Accepted Answer

The buying-power index (BPI) is an index for a given trading area based on size of population, income and retail sales. It is used to determine the potential sales volume in a particular market by evaluating the spending power of consumers in that area. Therefore, option A, C and D are incorrect.

Question 12

Demographics are used to describe:

Accepted Answer

Demographics refers to the statistical data of a population in terms of its size, structure, and distribution, including factors such as age, gender, income, education, etc. It provides valuable insights for marketers to understand their target audience and design effective marketing strategies. Option A and B are incorrect as subcultures' lifestyles and consumers' values belong to psychographics, while option C is too broad, as demographics is only one aspect of the marketing mix.

Question 13

Changes in disposable income can be directly linked to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Changes in disposable income can be directly...

Question 14

A concern in using the VALS typology is that:

Accepted Answer

All of the given answers are correct. 
A) VALS may not accurately capture household decision-making dynamics, particularly when multiple individuals with differing values and behavioral tendencies are involved in the decision-making process.
B) VALS may not capture low-involvement or routine purchases; it is more useful for high-involvement purchases that reflect deeper values and beliefs.
C) Many individuals will exhibit characteristics of multiple VALS categories, making it difficult to rely on the typology as a precise predictor of behavior.

Question 15

As male shoppers become increasingly involved in shopping for retail products, retail strategy will change by:

Accepted Answer

All of the given answers are correct. As male shoppers become more involved in shopping, retail strategies will need to adapt in various ways, including increasing advertising targeted at men, retraining the sales force to cater to male customers, and redesigning store layouts to better appeal to male shoppers.

Question 16

A recent survey found that _____ per cent of both males and females believed that 'the family suffered when a woman has a full-time job'.

Accepted Answer

The percentage given is the same for both males and females, indicating that both genders share the belief that a woman working full-time negatively affects the family. This suggests a deeply ingrained societal expectation that women's primary role is to be caretakers of the family, and their pursuit of a career is viewed as a deviation from that norm. The high percentage of 44 signifies a significant portion of the population, which calls for a need to address and challenge these gender norms.

Question 17

An ascribed role is:

Accepted Answer

An ascribed role is a position that an individual is born into or assigned based on attributes such as race, ethnicity, gender, or family background over which they have no control. It is in contrast to an achieved role, which is obtained through an individual's own efforts, abilities, or accomplishments.

Question 18

The value that Australians place on youth has:

Accepted Answer

The value that Australians place on youth has remained high in recent years, reflecting broader societal trends that prioritize youthfulness in various aspects such as culture, employment, and marketing.

Question 19

'Cohort effect' refers to the fact that:

Accepted Answer

The cohort effect refers to the idea that individuals may behave differently based on which cohort or birth year they belong to, and may not behave the same as older generations did when they reach the same age. This is because each cohort may have had different experiences, cultural influences, and societal changes that affect their behavior and attitudes.

Question 20

Ethnicity forms the basis of a population segment:

Accepted Answer

Ethnicity forms the basis of a population segment only when members of that group identify with it and base some of their behaviours on its norms. Other choices are not accurate: A) Ethnicity can still form a segment even if the members cannot be identified, such as in the case of mixed-race individuals; B) Ethnicity may influence behavior but not necessarily project to the larger culture; C) Different ethnicities buying the same product does not necessarily mean ethnicity forms a segment.

Quiz 10: Motivation, Personality and Emotion