Question 1

Attribution theory describes how people try to explain the behaviour of themselves and other people.

Accepted Answer

Attribution theory is a social psychology theory that explains how individuals interpret and make judgments about the causes of behavior, both their own behavior and that of others.

Question 2

The self-serving bias and the fundamental attribution error provide explanations of the factors that people use in explaining their own and others' behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The self-serving bias and the fundamental attribution error are both concepts used in social psychology to explain the factors that people use in explaining their own and others' behavior.

Question 3

Two different people cannot perceive things differently.

Accepted Answer

Perception is subjective and influenced by an individual's previous experiences, beliefs, and emotions. Therefore, two different people can perceive things differently.

Question 4

When the work experience is designed well,people can achieve high performance results and experience a high quality of work life.

Accepted Answer

A well-designed work experience can lead to both high performance and a higher quality of work life for employees. When employees feel engaged and valued in their work, they are more likely to be motivated to perform at a high level. Additionally, when employees are provided with opportunities for development, recognition, and a positive work environment, their overall satisfaction and well-being at work is likely to improve.

Question 5

Perception acts as a filter through which information must pass in interpersonal communication.

Accepted Answer

Perception is the process of receiving and interpreting information through our senses. In interpersonal communication, our perceptions can impact how we interpret and respond to messages from others, acting as a filter through which the information must pass. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 6

Too many people today work under conditions that fail to provide them with motivation,self-respect,and satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

Many workers today are dissatisfied with their work environment and lack motivation and self-respect. This can lead to lower productivity and job dissatisfaction.

Question 7

The idea of a psychological contract between an individual and an organization suggests that the individual makes contributions in exchange for inducements.

Accepted Answer

The concept of psychological contract suggests that there is a mutual give-and-take relationship between an individual and an organization, where the individual contributes their time, effort, skills, and knowledge, in exchange for inducements such as pay, career advancement, job security, recognition, etc.

Question 8

Typical withdrawal behaviours are low absenteeism,low employee turnover,and high job engagement.

Accepted Answer

Withdrawal behaviors typically include high absenteeism, high employee turnover, and low job engagement, as they indicate a lack of commitment or satisfaction with the job.

Question 9

The downside of high ambition is sacrificing right actions for wrong actions.

Accepted Answer

High ambition can lead individuals to pursue success and achievement at any cost, even if it means compromising their values or engaging in unethical behavior. This can result in sacrificing right actions for wrong actions.

Question 10

The process of developing causal explanations for things that happen to people is called attribution.

Accepted Answer

Attribution refers to the process of assigning causality to events or behaviors. It involves developing causal explanations for things that happen to people.

Question 11

A psychological contract is a set of expectations held by an individual about what will be given and received in the employment relationship.

Accepted Answer

A psychological contract is indeed a set of expectations held by an individual about what will be given and received in the employment relationship.

Question 12

According to scholar and consultant Ram Charan traits like ambition are personal differentiators separating successful people from unsuccessful people.

Accepted Answer

Ram Charan believes that traits like ambition are personal differentiators separating successful people from unsuccessful people.

Question 13

The process through which people receive,organize,and interpret information from their environment is called perception.

Accepted Answer

Perception refers to the cognitive process of receiving, organizing, and interpreting sensory information from our environment.

Question 14

The process through which people receive,organize,and interpret information from their environment is called impression management.

Accepted Answer

Impression management refers to the process of controlling or influencing the perceptions and opinions of others through self-presentation and communication. The process through which people receive, organize, and interpret information from their environment is called perception.

Question 15

A supervisor who attributes a worker's low productivity on laziness when the worker is using a machine that breaks down frequently is an example of self-serving bias.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of the fundamental attribution error, where the supervisor attributes the worker's low productivity to internal factors (laziness) rather than considering external factors (the machine breaking down frequently).

Question 16

Individual perceptions are influenced by values,cultural backgrounds,and personal and situational circumstances.

Accepted Answer

Individual perceptions are not formed in isolation, but are shaped by a complex interplay of factors such as values, culture, and personal and situational circumstances. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 17

The ideal work situation is one in which the exchange of values in the psychological contract favours the employee.

Accepted Answer

The ideal work situation is one where there is a balanced exchange of values in the psychological contract, benefiting both the employee and the employer, fostering mutual respect and satisfaction.

Question 18

Contributions,provided by the individual in the psychological contract,include effort,time,creativity,loyalty,and commitment.

Accepted Answer

The individual's contributions in the psychological contract include effort, time, creativity, loyalty, and commitment.

Question 19

Attribution error occurs when a person overestimates internal factors and underestimates external factors as influences on his or her behaviour.

Accepted Answer

This is a correct definition of attribution error.

Question 20

Scholar and consultant Ram Charan believes that ambition is one of the personal traits that separates "people who perform from those who don't."

Accepted Answer

Ram Charan believes that ambition is a personal trait that separates people who perform from those who don't.

Quiz 12: Individual Behaviour