Question 1

A patient, who is HIV positive, has raised lesions, red or purple in color, appearing on the skin, in the mouth, or anywhere on the body. What is the stage of his disease process in today's medical terminology?

Accepted Answer

The patient with raised lesions, red or purple in color, appearing on the skin, in the mouth, or anywhere on the body is most likely in the AIDS stage of HIV disease. AIDS is diagnosed when a person has a CD4 count of less than 200 or when they develop certain opportunistic infections. ARC stands for AIDS-related complex, which is a term no longer in use. AZT is a medication used to treat HIV. HIV positive refers only to a person's status as carrying the virus and does not indicate the stage of disease.

Question 2

Diagnostic testing for meaningitis usually involves

Accepted Answer

Diagnostic testing for meningitis usually involves a cerebrospinal fluid analysis to check for the presence of bacteria or viruses in the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Blood cultures may also be taken to identify the specific type of bacteria causing the meningitis. Stool and urine tests are not typically used for diagnosis of meningitis.

Question 3

Genital warts are caused by

Accepted Answer

Genital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a sexually transmitted infection. Option A (HAV) is the virus that causes hepatitis A, option B (HIV) is the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and option D (VZV) is the virus that causes chickenpox and shingles.

Question 4

A vision-related pathology that is caused by diabetes is

Accepted Answer

Retinopathy is a vision-related pathology caused by diabetes. It occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision problems, including blindness. Retinal detachment, supplies, and rhabdomyosarcoma are not caused by diabetes.

Question 5

A 75-year-old patient has a sore tongue with tingling and numbness of the hands and feet. She has headaches and is fatigued. Following diagnostic workup, the doctor orders monthly injections of vitamin B12. This patient mostly likely has which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are indicative of pernicious anemia, which is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 secondary to impaired absorption due to lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach. Monthly injections of vitamin B12 are the standard treatment for this condition. Aplastic anemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and sickle cell anemia have different underlying pathophysiologies and do not present with the same symptoms as pernicious anemia.

Question 6

A bee stung little Bobby. He experiences itching, erythema, and respiratory distress caused by laryngeal edema and vascular collapse. In the emergency department, Bobby is diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of itching, erythema, respiratory distress, laryngeal edema, and vascular collapse are all indicative of an anaphylactic reaction, which is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening if not treated immediately. Allergic rhinitis and sinusitis are not associated with such severe systemic symptoms, and while asthma may cause respiratory distress, it does not typically cause the other symptoms described.

Question 7

Which of the following is a lethal arrhythmia?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular fibrillation is a lethal arrhythmia as it causes the heart to quiver instead of contracting effectively, leading to a lack of blood flow to the body's organs and tissues. This condition can quickly lead to cardiac arrest and death if not treated promptly. Atrial fibrillation and tachycardia are not always life-threatening but may require medical attention. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate and may not necessarily be lethal on its own, but it can lead to complications in some cases.

Question 8

Impetigo can

Accepted Answer

The answer of Impetigo can
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Question 9

The drug commonly used to treat bipolar mood swings is

Accepted Answer

Lithium carbonate is commonly used to treat bipolar disorder by stabilizing mood swings. Lanoxin and Lasix are medications used for heart conditions and lorazepam is used to treat anxiety disorders.

Question 10

Which disease is a malignancy of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Malignancy of the lymphatic system is also known as lymphoma, and supplies are a type of lymphoma. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder of the respiratory and digestive systems, neutropenia is a condition of low white blood cell count, and von Willebrand's disease is a bleeding disorder.

Question 11

Which of the following is a hereditary disease of the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a hereditary...

Question 12

Pain is a symptom of which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Pain is a symptom of first-degree burns (superficial) and second-degree burns (partial thickness). Third-degree burns (full thickness) typically do not cause pain because the nerves are destroyed.

Question 13

Which of the following autoimmune diseases affects tissues of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following autoimmune diseases affects...

Question 14

Which one of the following is NOT a pathophysiological factor in anemia?

Accepted Answer

Loss of spleen function can actually lead to anemia as the spleen is responsible for removing senescent (old) RBCs from circulation. The other choices are all potential factors that can contribute to anemia.

Question 15

What cells produce histamine in a type I hypersensitivity reaction?

Accepted Answer

Mast cells are responsible for producing histamine in type I hypersensitivity reactions.

Question 16

Which of the following conditions is NOT a predisposing risk associated with essentials hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Low dietary sodium intake is actually a protective factor against essential hypertension. The other options are all predisposing risk factors for essential hypertension.

Question 17

A patient's history includes the following documentation: Small ulcers (chancres) appeared on the genitalia and disappeared after 4 to 6 weeks Elevated temperature, skin rash, and enlarged lymph nodes Which of the following procedures will be used to initially diagnose the patient?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are consistent with early-stage syphilis, which can be diagnosed through serology testing (specifically, a blood test that can detect antibodies to the bacteria that causes syphilis). A bone marrow test, chest x-ray, or thyroid scan would not be indicated for this presentation.

Question 18

Pencillin is effective in the treatment of all the following diseases EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Penicillin is not an effective treatment for lordosis as it is a spinal condition and not caused by a bacterial infection. Penicillin is effective for treating Lyme disease, strep throat, and syphilis.

Question 19

Each of the following pertains to COPD EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Pneumonia is not a form of COPD, but a separate respiratory infection.

Question 20

Which one of the following cells produces antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells are the cells that produce antibodies.

Exam 1: Registered Health Information Administrator