Question 1

A stapedectomy is a common treatment for

Accepted Answer

Stapedectomy is a surgical procedure to treat otosclerosis, a disease in the middle ear that can cause hearing loss. Option A, B, and D are not related to the treatment of otosclerosis.

Question 2

A physician prescribes a diuretic for his patient. He could be treating any of the following disorders EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A diuretic is commonly prescribed for congestive heart failure, mitral stenosis, and pulmonary edema because these conditions involve fluid buildup in the body. However, pneumonia is an infection in the lungs and does not typically require treatment with a diuretic.

Question 3

Gas exchange in the lungs takes place at the

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the alveoli, which are small air sacs located at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs. The bronchi, bronchioles, and trachea are all part of the airway system that transports air to the alveoli, but they do not participate directly in gas exchange.

Question 4

A disease of the ear that causes vertigo is

Accepted Answer

Labyrinthitis and Meniere's disease both affect the inner ear and can cause vertigo.

Question 5

The most fatal type of lungs cancer is

Accepted Answer

Small cell cancer is the most fatal type of lung cancer because it grows quickly and tends to spread rapidly to other parts of the body. It is also often diagnosed at a later stage when it is harder to treat. Adenocarcinoma, large cell cancer, and squamous cell cancer are also types of lung cancer but are generally not as aggressive as small cell cancer.

Question 6

Which of the following sequences correctly depicts the flow of blood through the heat to the lungs?

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence of blood flow from the heart to the lungs is as follows: Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs. Choice B correctly depicts this flow.

Question 7

All of the following are examples of direct transmission of a disease EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Contaminated foods are an example of indirect transmission, as the disease is spread through contact with contaminated objects rather than direct contact with an infected person.

Question 8

Sex-linked genetic diseases

Accepted Answer

Sex-linked genetic diseases involve a defect on a chromosome, usually the X chromosome. They occur more commonly in males because they only have one X chromosome, while females have two. This means that if a male inherits a defective X chromosome from his mother, he will display the disease, while a female may inherit a normal X chromosome from her other parent and not display the disease. Examples of sex-linked genetic diseases include hemophilia and color blindness.

Question 9

Many bacterial diseases are transmitted directly from person to person. Which of the disease listed below is a bacterial disease that is transmitted by way of a tick vector?

Accepted Answer

Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted to humans by ticks. The other diseases listed are transmitted directly from person to person or through exposure to contaminated environmental sources.

Question 10

Necrosis extending down to the underlying fascia is characteristic of a decubitus ulcer in stage

Accepted Answer

Necrosis extending down to the underlying fascia is characteristic of a decubitus ulcer in stage three.

Question 11

Distole occurs when

Accepted Answer

Diastole is the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle, during which the ventricles fill up with blood. Therefore, the correct answer is D - when the ventricles fill. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not accurately describe diastole.

Question 12

In systemic circulation which of the following veins carry oxygenated blood?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary veins are the only veins in the systemic circulation that carry oxygenated blood. The right vena cava and renal veins carry deoxygenated blood, while varicose veins are damaged veins that may or may not carry oxygenated blood.

Question 13

__________ causes of softening of the bone in children.

Accepted Answer

Rickets is the condition that causes softening of the bones in children. Raynaud's disease causes spasms in the blood vessels of the fingers and toes, Reye's syndrome is a rare but serious illness that can cause brain and liver damage in children, and Rubella (German measles) can cause birth defects if contracted during pregnancy, but none of these are related to bone softening in children.

Question 14

A pathological diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma is made. The examined tissue was removed from the

Accepted Answer

Transitional cell carcinoma is a type of cancer that primarily affects the urinary system, specifically the bladder, ureters, and renal pelvis. Therefore, the best choice is A, bladder.

Question 15

john Palmer was in a car accident and sustained sever chest trauma resulting in a tension pneumothorax. Manifestations of this disorder include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Clubbing is not a manifestation of tension pneumothorax. It is a sign of chronic lung disease. The other options are all possible manifestations of tension pneumothorax.

Question 16

Which of the following anatomical parts is involved in both the respiratory and digestive systems?

Accepted Answer

The pharynx is involved in both the respiratory and digestive systems, as it serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs and for food to enter the esophagus. The larynx is involved only in the respiratory system as it houses the vocal cords, the nasal cavity is involved only in the respiratory system as it warms and filters air, and the trachea is involved only in the respiratory system as it carries air to and from the lungs.

Question 17

Oxygen is carried in the blood

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is primarily carried in the blood by binding to hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells. Carbon dioxide, not oxygen, is transported in the form of carbonic acid. Plasma and serum are components of blood but do not directly carry oxygen.

Question 18

Cancer derived from epithelial tissue is classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

Cancer derived from epithelial tissue is called carcinoma. Adenoma is a type of benign tumor of glandular origin. Lipoma is a benign tumor of adipose (fat) tissue. Sarcoma is a cancer derived from connective tissue such as bone, cartilage, or muscle.

Question 19

Scabies, a highly contagious condition that produces intense pruritus and rash, is caused by

Accepted Answer

Scabies is caused by itch mites, which burrow into the skin and lay eggs, causing intense itching and a rash. Head lice, jock itch, and ringworm are all different conditions caused by different organisms.

Question 20

__________ is the most common type of skin cancer and ___________ is the most deadly type of skin cancer?

Accepted Answer

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for 80% of all cases. Malignant melanoma is the most deadly type of skin cancer, accounting for the vast majority of skin cancer deaths.

Exam 1: Registered Health Information Administrator