Question 1

Which of the following statements is true of recent physical activity trends in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Sedentary activities, such as spending time on computers and watching television, have become more prevalent, replacing more active and outdoor pursuits for many individuals in the United States. This shift contributes to the broader public health concerns related to physical inactivity.

Question 2

Characteristics of patients with anorexia nervosa include:

Accepted Answer

Patients with anorexia nervosa often deny being severely underweight, which is a hallmark characteristic of the disorder. They typically have a distorted body image and an intense fear of gaining weight, leading to denial about the seriousness of their low body weight.

Question 3

Which food item has the greatest energy density?

Accepted Answer

Vanilla ice cream has the greatest energy density among the options. To find the energy density, divide the calories provided by the weight of the food item. For vanilla ice cream, this calculation is 155 calories / 39 grams = 3.97 calories per gram, which is higher than the energy density of the other options listed.

Question 4

How can a city official change the built environment in his town to help promote the healthy weight status of its residents?

Accepted Answer

Adding bike lanes encourages physical activity by making it safer and more convenient for residents to cycle, which can help promote a healthy weight status.

Question 5

A person who is trying to gain weight and muscle mass will achieve the best outcome by:

Accepted Answer

Choosing nutrient- and energy-dense foods to help build new body tissue is the best way to gain weight and muscle mass.

Question 6

Successful treatment for a young woman with anorexia nervosa at 80% of her ideal body weight includes:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive behavioral therapy, family counseling, and expert nutrition guidance are considered effective treatments for anorexia nervosa. These approaches address the psychological, familial, and nutritional aspects of the disorder, offering a comprehensive treatment plan.

Question 7

What is not recommended for physical activity in order to maintain a healthy body weight?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic physical activity for 4 hours daily is not recommended as it may be excessive and could lead to overtraining or injury. Most guidelines suggest a balanced approach to physical activity for maintaining a healthy body weight.

Question 8

You go to a movie theater after eating dinner and smell popcorn in the concession stand. Although you are full, you start salivating, your stomach grumbles, and you end up buying a bag of popcorn. To what can you attribute this eating decision?

Accepted Answer

This eating decision can be attributed to sensory influence, as the smell of popcorn triggers salivation and a desire to eat despite not being hungry.

Question 9

A woman is using behavior modification to change her eating habits in order to lose weight. Which of the following behaviors would help her lose weight?

Accepted Answer

Saving money to reward herself with a lesson in a new activity, such as handball or tennis, aligns with behavior modification principles by providing a positive reinforcement (the lesson) for healthy behavior (saving money instead of spending it on unhealthy food). This can motivate her to continue making healthy choices.

Question 10

What is the energy density of a burger that weighs 100 grams and provides 240 calories?

Accepted Answer

The energy density of a food item is calculated by dividing the total calories it provides by its weight in grams. For a burger that provides 240 calories and weighs 100 grams, the energy density is 240 calories / 100 grams = 2.40 calories per gram.

Question 11

You suspect that your new college roommate may have an eating disorder. Although she seems to have a normal body size, you have often heard her vomiting after a meal. Also, her tooth enamel is gradually decaying. She frequently eats three boxes of crackers at once to relieve stress and feels guilty afterward. These are most likely symptoms of:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, such as frequent vomiting after meals, decay of tooth enamel (due to the acid in vomit), consuming large amounts of food at once (binging), and feeling guilty afterward, are characteristic of bulimia nervosa.

Question 12

What is the most insignificant characteristic of a person with bulimia?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with bulimia are typically aware that their eating behaviors are abnormal, which differentiates it from being an insignificant characteristic. Other options describe more central aspects of bulimia.

Question 13

If a person fasts to lose weight, then how will his or her body react?

Accepted Answer

When fasting, the body breaks down fat molecules into ketone bodies to use as an alternative energy source, especially for the brain, when glucose is not readily available.

Question 14

Kevin has a BMI of 28.5. How many calories should he eliminate from his diet every day to achieve weight loss?

Accepted Answer

To achieve weight loss, it's generally recommended to create a calorie deficit of 500 to 1000 calories per day to lose about 1 to 2 pounds per week. None of the options exactly match this recommendation, but 600 calories (option E) is the closest to the lower end of the recommended daily calorie deficit for weight loss.

Question 15

Which of the following individuals experiences the highest calorie cost?

Accepted Answer

Sara's calorie cost is the highest when calculated: 145 lbs. * 0.062 cal/lb./min * 35 min = 315.7 calories.

Question 16

What is a valid recommendation for managing portion sizes of foods in order to manage weight?

Accepted Answer

Choosing smaller plates, glasses, and utensils can help manage portion sizes by making smaller amounts of food appear larger, which can lead to eating less and managing weight more effectively.

Question 17

How would you respond to an advertisement for a weight-loss diet that claims that eating certain foods can elevate the BMR and thus promote weight loss? How can someone change his or her BMR?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How would you respond to an advertisement...

Question 18

An effective method for losing weight would be to:

Accepted Answer

Keeping records of food intake and exercise is an effective method for losing weight because it helps individuals become more aware of their habits and identify areas for improvement. Tracking progress can also motivate individuals to continue their efforts and make necessary adjustments to their diet and exercise routines.

Question 19

Your aunt is considering gastric surgery as a possible option to help her lose weight because previous weight-loss diets have been unsuccessful. What advice would you give her before she undergoes the surgery?

Accepted Answer

Gastric surgery is a significant medical procedure that can help with weight loss but requires a lifelong commitment to medical follow-up and nutritional management to ensure the health and well-being of the patient.

Question 20

The best way to use physical activity to assist with weight control is to:

Accepted Answer

Exercising daily while also substantially reducing calorie intake is the most effective strategy for weight control. This approach combines increased energy expenditure through exercise with decreased energy intake from food, creating a calorie deficit that leads to weight loss.

Quiz 9: Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight