Question 1

The clinical name for the classic form of "club foot" is?

Accepted Answer

The clinical name for the classic form of "club foot" is talipes equinovarus. It is a congenital, structural foot deformity that is present at the time of birth.

Question 2

A decrease in alpha-1 antitrypsin is seen in which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

A decrease in alpha- 1 antitrypsin is seen in emphysema. Emphysema is typically a disease of smokers. It is either centrilobular (due to cigarette smoking) or panlobular (due to familial antiproteinase deficiency, a decrease in alpha-1 antitrypsin).

Question 3

Hemoptysis is a clinical symptom of each of the following diseases except:

Accepted Answer

Hemoptysis is a clinical symptom of each of the listed diseases except emphysema. Hemoptysis is the coughing up of blood and/or blood streaked sputum. It is seen in the following diseases: respiratory infection, bronchitis, tuberculosis, pneumonia, bronchogenic carcinoma, and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis.

Question 4

Ascites is a characteristic finding in of each of the following disease conditions except:

Accepted Answer

Ascites is a characteristic finding in of each of the following disease conditions except pneumonia. Ascites occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the space between the membranes that line the abdomen and abdominal organs. Disorders associated with this include cirrhosis, hepatitis, portal vein thrombosis, constrictive pericarditis, congestive heart failure, liver cancer, nephritic syndrome, and pancreatitis.

Question 5

Which of the following conditions results in ischemic necrosis of the head of femur because of an interruption of blood supply from the medial femoral circumflex artery?

Accepted Answer

A condition that results in ischemic necrosis of the head of femur because of an interruption of blood supply from the medial femoral circumflex artery is the fracture of the neck of femur. The affected lower limb is shortened with lateral rotation.

Question 6

When a stress fracture occurs in the foot, it is a fatigue fracture of which of the following foot bones?

Accepted Answer

Stress fracture is a fatigue fracture of the metatarsals foot bones. Also known as March fracture, it often results from prolonged walking.

Question 7

Shin splint is a painful condition of which of the following compartments of the leg?

Accepted Answer

Shin splint is a painful condition of the anterior compartment of the leg. It is common in athletes and typically occurs along the shin bone (tibia) due to the edematous muscles of the anterior compartment e.g. tibialis anterior muscle after overexertion.

Question 8

All of the following conditions may result in a Tarsal tunnel syndrome except:

Accepted Answer

All of these conditions may result in a Tarsal tunnel syndrome except a diabetic foot. The syndrome occurs when the tibial nerve or its medial and lateral plantar branches are compressed in the tarsal tunnel.

Question 9

Which of the following foot arches is/are associated with flat foot?

Accepted Answer

The foot arch that is associated with flat foot is medial longitudinal arch. Also known as pes planus or talipes planus, the condition results in disappearance or collapse of the medial longitudinal, leading to the eversion and abduction of the forefoot.

Question 10

What is the basic difference between hallux valgus and hallux varus?

Accepted Answer

The basic difference between hallux valgus and hallux varus is that hallux valgus is lateral deviation of the big toe, whereas hallux varus is a medial deviation of the big toe. This condition is also known as bunions, is far more common in women than men, and only occurs in those that wear shoes.

Question 11

Which of the following organisms is a causative agent for hand, foot, and mouth disease?

Accepted Answer

The organism that is a causative agent for hand, foot, and mouth disease is Coxsackie A virus. It is a common childhood illness that affects mostly children aged 10 or under and is also the causative agent of herpangina.

Question 12

Patients of which of the following neurological conditions often demonstrate mild bradykinesia and "magnetic gait"?

Accepted Answer

Patients of the neurological condition normal pressure hydrocephalus often demonstrate mild bradykinesia and "magnetic gait." Their gait has been described as "magnetic" because their feet seemingly cling to the floor.

Question 13

Meissner's corpuscles are found most prominently in all of the following locations except:

Accepted Answer

Meissner's corpuscles are found most prominently in all of the listed locations except the back of the wrists. Meissner's corpuscles are small encapsulated sensory receptors found just beneath the dermis of hairless skin, most prominently in the fingertips, soles of the feet, and lips.

Question 14

Clinical signs of acromegaly include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

Clinical signs of acromegaly include all of the listed signs except microgenitalia, which is a common feature in Down's syndrome. Clinical signs of acromegaly include coarse facies, enlarged tongue, and increased size of hands and feet.

Question 15

Which of the following diseases produces an asymmetric distribution of joint swelling in the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands and feet?

Accepted Answer

The disease that produces an asymmetric distribution of joint swelling in the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands and feet is Psoriatic arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory arthritis and signs of inflammation, such as an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, are commonly seen in patients with this condition.

Question 16

Which of the following disorders is associated with "rocker bottom feet"?

Accepted Answer

The disorder that is associated with "rocker bottom feet" is Edwards syndrome. The syndrome results in severe mental retardation, rocker bottom feet, micrognathia, and death within the first year of life.

Question 17

Which of the following disorders can cause subcutaneous nodule formation and is associated with hyperuricemia?

Accepted Answer

The disorder that can cause subcutaneous nodule formation and is associated with hyperuricemia is gout. Gout is an inflammatory disease characterized by a buildup of uric acid within the blood.

Question 18

Which of the following groups is at increased risk of developing osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

The group that is at increased risk of developing Osteoporosis is postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis, which is characterized by decreased bone mass, pain, and fractures, is most commonly seen in postmenopausal women and the elderly.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a feature of Paget's disease of the bone?

Accepted Answer

Alkaline phosphatase activity is not decreased in Paget's disease of the bone. In Paget's disease, the resorbed bone is replaced by a soft, disorganized bone matrix with a mosaic, rather than trabecular, pattern. Alkaline phosphatase activity is increased. Patients can present with bone pain, fractures, deformity, and sensory deficits.

Question 20

Rheumatic fever is characterized by all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

Rheumatic fever is characterized by all of the listed features except chronic renal failure. Patients with Rheumatic fever often show fever, migratory polyarthritis, and carditis. Additionally, it may follow group A streptococcal pharyngitis.

Quiz 2: Orthopedic and Podiatric Conditions and Diseases