Question 1

According to summaries of several studies, which of the following behaviors were found to be associated with deceptive communication?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to summaries of several studies, which...

Question 2

The positive emotion associated with successfully deceiving someone is known as

Accepted Answer

Duping delight is the positive emotion one experiences when successfully deceiving someone. It is the pleasure one derives from fooling someone into believing something that is not true. It was coined by psychologist Paul Ekman, who identified it as one of the signs of a deceitful person. Option B, Machiavellianism, refers to a personality trait characterized by cunning, manipulation, and exploitation of others for personal gain. Option C, image management, refers to the strategies individuals use to control the impression others have of them. Option D, euphoria, refers to an intense feeling of happiness or elation, which is not necessarily related to deception.

Question 3

A female who does not desire intimate relations with a male should resist his advances by

Accepted Answer

Using direct verbal messages is the best choice for a female who does not desire intimate relations with a male. This will clearly communicate her disinterest and set boundaries. Indirect verbal messages and passive-aggressive messages may be unclear and could potentially escalate the situation. Nonverbal cues may not always be clearly understood and may not effectively communicate her wishes.

Question 4

Information Manipulation Theory suggests that people behave deceptively by manipulating information in a variety of ways. According to the theory, which of the following is discussed as a means of manipulating information?

Accepted Answer

Information Manipulation Theory discusses all three ways of manipulating information - altering the amount, veracity, and relevance of information.

Question 5

Harry decides that Marla is lying because she seems so nervous. In reality, Marla is telling the truth and is nervous because she is afraid of Harry. That Harry thinks she is lying is an example of the

Accepted Answer

The Othello error occurs when a person misinterprets someone's nervousness or fear as evidence that they are lying, even when they are telling the truth. This is exactly what Harry did with Marla.

Question 6

Which of the following is not suggested by interpersonal deception theory:

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal deception theory suggests that liars engage in strategic behaviors in order to suppress deception cues, so option B contradicts this theory. The other options are consistent with the theory.

Question 7

Imagine that you are watching a person who is making several statements. Half of the statements are true and half are false. You must try to distinguish which statements are true and which are false. The veracity effect suggest that:

Accepted Answer

The veracity effect suggests that people are generally better at detecting truths than lies. Therefore, if half of the statements are true and half are false, the person watching will likely be more accurate at distinguishing the true statements from the false ones.

Question 8

In an attempt to overcome methodological problems, some researchers have abandoned ________ in favor of ________ procedures.

Accepted Answer

Researchers may abandon selection procedures, which involve choosing from existing options, in favor of construction procedures, which involve creating new methods or tools to better address methodological issues.

Question 9

Asking liars for more information tends to make observers less successful at detecting the liars' deception. This is known as

Accepted Answer

The probing effect refers to the phenomenon where asking liars for more information can lead to observers becoming less accurate at detecting deception. This is because liars may provide additional, irrelevant details as a way to appear more convincing, which can make it even harder for observers to distinguish truth from lies.

Question 10

All of the following are dimensions of compliance-gaining situations except

Accepted Answer

Nonverbal behavior is not a dimension of compliance-gaining situations. Intimacy, dominance, and resistance are all factors that can influence the success of compliance-gaining attempts.

Question 11

According to the textbook, patient compliance and satisfaction occurs when physicians

Accepted Answer

Patient compliance and satisfaction occurs when physicians express similarity with their patients, showing understanding and empathy towards their concerns and needs. This helps to build trust and establish a good patient-physician relationship, which results in better communication, improved compliance, and patient satisfaction. The other options listed, such as using threatening or powerless language and engaging in bait and switch tactics, are unethical and may harm the patient-physician relationship, leading to decreased compliance and satisfaction.

Question 12

How do we decide which strategies will have a positive emotional impact and which will have a negative emotional impact?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do we decide which strategies will...

Question 13

The most difficult lies to tell

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most difficult lies to tell
...

Question 14

The "behavioral adaptation explanation" has been used to explain

Accepted Answer

The answer of The "behavioral adaptation explanation" has been used...

Question 15

Timmy to Tommy: "You should donate money to this charity because only a heartless sadist would refuse to help cross-eyed kittens." In this example, Timmy is using which of the following compliance-gaining tactics?

Accepted Answer

Timmy is using negative altercasting by implying that only a heartless sadist wouldn't donate to the charity. By doing so, he is trying to create a negative self-image in Tommy's mind, which can motivate him to donate to the charity and avoid being perceived negatively.

Question 16

Which form of "eye behavior" have meta-analyses found to be associated with telling lies?

Accepted Answer

Meta-analyses have found that pupil dilation is associated with telling lies. This physiological response can occur because lying often requires more cognitive effort than telling the truth, which can lead to increased arousal and, consequently, pupil dilation.

Question 17

The sending capacity hypothesis argues that

Accepted Answer

Liars focus on controlling their facial expressions, leading to more deceptive cues being leaked from less monitored areas like legs and feet.

Question 18

The motivational impairment effect suggests that:

Accepted Answer

The motivational impairment effect suggests that individuals who are highly motivated to lie successfully may actually exhibit more cues to deception, making them easier to detect. This is because the pressure to lie convincingly can lead to overcompensation or increased nervousness, which in turn can be picked up by observers.

Question 19

Which of the following is the most sophisticated type of design logic?

Accepted Answer

Rhetorical design logic involves careful consideration and use of persuasive techniques to convey a message or argument through design. This type of design logic requires a deep understanding of psychology, communication, and audience analysis, making it a more sophisticated approach than conventional or expressive design logic. Offensive design logic is not a legitimate type of design logic.

Question 20

The Four-Factor Model suggests that several factors affect a person's behavior while lying. These four factors include

Accepted Answer

The Four-Factor Model includes attempted control (trying to hide the lie), arousal (the physiological response to lying such as increased heart rate), cognitive effort (the mental effort required to lie), and felt emotions (the emotions the liar experiences while lying). These factors are believed to influence a person's behavior while lying. Option A includes personality and gender, which are not specific factors in the Four-Factor Model. Option C includes behavioral and informational familiarity, which are not part of the model, and lie and truth bias, which are related to the accuracy of lie detection rather than factors affecting behavior while lying. Option D includes suspicion and culture, which are not part of the Four-Factor Model, and the probing heuristic and behavioral adaptation, which are strategies for detecting deception rather than factors influencing a person's behavior while lying.

Quiz 1: Why Study Persuasion