Question 1

Kyla has decided to spend less time on her computer and more time walking her dog.This behaviour change technique is known as _______________________.

Accepted Answer

Controlling the situation involves changing the environment to decrease the likelihood of engaging in a less desired behavior and increase the likelihood of engaging in a more desired behavior. In this case, Kyla is altering her environment and routine (spending less time on her computer) to engage more in a desired activity (walking her dog).

Question 2

Situational inducement refers to an attempt to influence a behaviour by ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Situational inducement involves using situations that exert control over the behaviour, such as rewards or punishments, to influence behaviour. The other answer choices (changing the situation with positive influence, using modelling, and exposing oneself to situations) do not fully capture the concept of situational inducement.

Question 3

Maria has decided to use a reusable coffee mug instead of paper cups.Her good friend,Zoe,has been encouraging Maria to reduce,reuse and recycle to help the environment,and Maria admires her friend.This behaviour change technique is an example of ____________________________.

Accepted Answer

Modelling refers to the act of observing and imitating the behaviour of others. In this scenario, Maria has observed her friend Zoe using a reusable coffee mug and has decided to imitate her behaviour.

Question 4

Simon is taking university courses to obtain a degree and to achieve a promotion at work.Simon is working to improve which of the seven dimensions of health?

Accepted Answer

Simon is working to improve his occupational health by taking university courses to obtain a degree and achieve a promotion at work.

Question 5

Phillip has decided to start jogging to improve his health.He decides to start at 1 kilometre,then increase to 2 kilometres during the following week.This behaviour change is known as an example of _________________________.

Accepted Answer

Shaping is a process in which successive approximations of a desired behavior are reinforced. Phillip's decision to start jogging with a small distance and then gradually increase it is an example of shaping, where he is gradually increasing the complexity or intensity of the behavior to reach his desired goal.

Question 6

Gabby is no longer preoccupied with her abusive father and she focuses on her new job as an accountant.This type of behavioural change is known as __________________________.

Accepted Answer

Gabby's shift in focus from her abusive father to her new job as an accountant is an example of blocking or thought stopping, a cognitive behavioral technique used to control or stop negative thoughts by consciously redirecting one's attention to more positive or neutral topics.

Question 7

Every time Karen thinks about going to the dentist,her blood pressure increases and she starts to sweat.Before she actually enters the office,she takes a couple of deep breaths and this calms her down.This technique to alter a potentially negative behaviour is known as ______________________________.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of an individual coping skill, which is a technique that individuals use to deal with stress or anxiety. Karen is employing deep breathing as a coping mechanism to calm herself down and manage her feelings about going to the dentist. Self-talk, self-instruction, and positive affirmation are all related to cognitive processes rather than behavioural techniques like coping skills.

Question 8

The term used to describe viewing the world from a male perspective is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Androcentricity refers to a male-centered perspective where the experiences, values, and behaviors of men are viewed as the norm, while those of women are marginalized. This perspective leads to gender biases and stereotypes that can affect different aspects of society, including education, healthcare, and politics. Overgeneralization refers to making broad assumptions about a group of people based on limited or incomplete evidence, while gender insensitivity and double standards refer to specific attitudes or actions that disregard or unfairly judge individuals based on their gender.

Question 9

An example of a way to recognize antecedents of a behaviour would be ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Keeping a diary of situations that trigger a specific behavior can help identify antecedents. This allows individuals to recognize patterns and make changes to the environment or their behavior to prevent the behavior from occurring in the future. Identifying the consequences from previous experience, asking a friend to identify behavior, and observing others who are trying to change the same behavior can also be helpful, but they do not directly address recognizing antecedents.

Question 10

Not allowing yourself to think about getting sick while on a rollercoaster would be an example of ___________________________.

Accepted Answer

Blocking or thought stopping is a cognitive-behavioral technique where an individual stops a negative thought or intruding thought by actively pushing that thought away. In this case, not allowing oneself to think about getting sick while on a rollercoaster is an example of blocking or thought stopping. A and C are incorrect because rational emotive therapy and self-instruction are not demonstrated in the example given. D is incorrect because consequential thinking involves considering the consequences of one's actions or decisions rather than blocking or stopping negative thoughts.

Question 11

Lower health insurance rates for non-smokers would be what type of reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

Lower health insurance rates for non-smokers act as a manipulative reinforcer because they involve changing the environment in a way that encourages or discourages certain behaviors, in this case, providing a financial incentive to not smoke.

Question 12

Experiencing vomiting and a severe hangover following your first consumption of alcohol may affect your willingness to repeat this drinking behaviour.This is an example of a(n)________________________.

Accepted Answer

This situation is an example of a consequence, which refers to the result or effect produced by a particular behavior or action. In this case, the consequence of drinking alcohol was experiencing vomiting and a severe hangover, which may discourage the person from repeating this behavior in the future.

Question 13

Visualizing yourself getting a standing ovation after giving a speech you're a little nervous about is an example of ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Visualizing yourself getting a standing ovation after giving a speech is a form of imagined rehearsal, where you mentally rehearse an event in order to improve your performance and boost your confidence. This technique is often used by athletes, performers, and public speakers to prepare for high-pressure situations.

Question 14

Rewarding yourself for reaching your weight loss goal with a trip to Hawaii would be an example of what type of reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

Activity reinforcers involve engaging in a preferred activity as a reward, and planning a trip to Hawaii as a reward for reaching a weight loss goal fits this category because the trip is an activity the person looks forward to as a form of reinforcement.

Question 15

Analyzing what kinds of situations trigger your desire to smoke would be an example of examining _________________________.

Accepted Answer

Antecedents are the events or situations that occur before a behavior is performed and can trigger or prompt that behavior. In this case, examining the situations that trigger one's desire to smoke would involve analyzing the antecedents to smoking.

Question 16

Deep breathing and repeating positive affirmations while you are in the dentist's chair for a root canal would be an application of a process associated with Meichenbaum called ___________________________.

Accepted Answer

Deep breathing and positive affirmations in a stressful situation like a root canal are examples of techniques associated with stress inoculation, a process developed by Meichenbaum to help people cope with and manage stress. Stress inoculation involves gradually exposing oneself to stressful situations while using coping skills and techniques to build resilience and reduce anxiety.

Question 17

Reinforcers that would be least effective for a weight loss behaviour change would be ________.

Accepted Answer

Consumable reinforcers, such as food or drinks, would be least effective for a weight loss behavior change because they can directly counteract the goal of losing weight.

Question 18

The Pan-Canadian Healthy Living Strategy _____________________________.

Accepted Answer

The Pan-Canadian Healthy Living Strategy has the goal of contributing to the efficiency and sustainability of Canada's universal health-care delivery system. While it incorporates aspects of healthy living, including physical activity and proper nutrition, these are not its sole focus. The strategy takes a holistic approach to promoting healthy living for all Canadians.

Question 19

Todd's grandparents have told him that if he gets a B grade in his health course,they will buy him a new mountain bike.This is an example of a(n)________ positive behaviour enforcer.

Accepted Answer

The statement "if he gets a B grade in his health course, they will buy him a new mountain bike" is a possessional positive behaviour enforcer, as it involves receiving a tangible item as a reward for exhibiting the desired behavior (getting a B grade in health course).

Question 20

One of the key elements of the _________________ is to recognize and address linkages between lifestyle choices and the surrounding social,economic and environmental influences.

Accepted Answer

The Pan-Canadian Healthy Living Strategy focuses on promoting healthy lifestyle choices while also recognizing the impact of social, economic, and environmental factors on health. It takes a comprehensive approach to improving overall health and well-being by addressing the underlying determinants of health. The Health Belief Model, Transtheoretical Model, and Theory of Reasoned Action are all individual-level behavior change models that do not consider broader systemic influences.

Quiz 1: Discovering Your Personal Rhythm for Healthy Living