Question 1

Too much of one mineral, such as calcium, Ca2+, can cause a decrease in the absorption and metabolism of another mineral, such as magnesium, Mg2+, leading to an imbalance.

Accepted Answer

Excessive intake of one mineral can interfere with the absorption, utilization, or balance of another mineral due to competitive interactions for absorption sites or imbalances in mineral ratios, leading to potential deficiencies or imbalances in the body.

Question 2

To improve bioavailability, it's best to take single mineral supplements alone.

Accepted Answer

Taking single mineral supplements alone can sometimes lead to imbalances or competition for absorption with other minerals, reducing their bioavailability. It's often better to take them with food or as part of a balanced supplement regimen to improve absorption and effectiveness.

Question 3

The bioavailability of each mineral depends on the amount of both minerals in the GI tract at the time of absorption.

Accepted Answer

The bioavailability of minerals is influenced by the presence and amount of other minerals in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, as they can compete for absorption or enhance each other's uptake.

Question 4

Oxalates (acids found in certain fruits and vegetables, chocolate, tea, coffee, beer, and nuts) or phytates (acids found in nuts, whole grains, and legumes) form acid-mineral complexes which pass through the GI tract unabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

Oxalates and phytates can bind to minerals like calcium, magnesium, and iron, forming complexes that are not easily absorbed by the body, thus passing through the gastrointestinal tract without being absorbed.

Question 5

Cooking legumes that contain phytates, can help increase the bioavailability of its minerals by breaking the bonds between the minerals and the binders.

Accepted Answer

Cooking legumes can help reduce the content of phytates, which are compounds that bind minerals and reduce their bioavailability. By breaking these bonds, minerals become more available for absorption.

Question 6

Polyphenols as well as oxalates in tea and coffee inhibit the body's absorption of iron, increasing bioavailability.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Polyphenols as well as oxalates in tea...

Question 7

Vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron from plant foods.

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C converts iron from plant sources (non-heme iron) into a form that is more easily absorbed by the body, thus enhancing its absorption.

Question 8

Animal protein from meat, fish, and poultry enhances zinc absorption; and vitamin D enhances calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium absorption.

Accepted Answer

Animal protein contains amino acids that can improve the bioavailability of zinc, making it easier for the body to absorb. Similarly, vitamin D plays a crucial role in the absorption of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium by increasing their bioavailability in the intestines.

Question 9

Hyponatremia results from too little or too much sodium in the blood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hyponatremia results from too little or too...

Question 10

Hyponatremia symptoms include: headache, muscle weakness, fatigue, seizures, coma and death.

Accepted Answer

Hyponatremia, which is a low concentration of sodium in the blood, can lead to symptoms such as headache, muscle weakness, fatigue, seizures, coma, and death, especially if it occurs rapidly or is of a severe degree.

Question 11

Deli meats and canned soups are often high in sodium.

Accepted Answer

Deli meats and canned soups are typically processed with high levels of sodium for flavor enhancement and preservation, making them high in sodium content.

Question 12

Minerals are classified as major minerals or as trace minerals depending on the amount found in the body and the amount needed on a weekly basis.

Accepted Answer

Minerals are classified as major minerals or trace minerals based on the amount needed by the body daily, not weekly. Major minerals are needed in amounts greater than 100 milligrams per day, while trace minerals are required in amounts less than 100 milligrams per day.

Question 13

A homemade bean soup, a sandwich which includes greens instead of lettuce and a baked sweet potato is high in potassium.

Accepted Answer

This meal is high in potassium because beans, greens, and sweet potatoes are all excellent sources of potassium.

Question 14

A diet that is adequate in potassium is beneficial to individuals who have a history of kidney stones because potassium attaches to the calcium in the urine thereby preventing the formation of mineral crystals that can form kidney stones.

Accepted Answer

Potassium can help prevent the formation of kidney stones by reducing calcium excretion in the urine, thus lowering the risk of calcium stones forming.

Question 15

Foods which are high in phytates such as whole grains lower magnesium absorption.

Accepted Answer

Phytates, found in whole grains, can bind to magnesium and other minerals, reducing their absorption in the body.

Question 16

To improve and maintain bone mineral density, consume a diet adequate in calcium, magnesium, and potassium, vitamins D and K, omega- 3 fatty acids, protein, and kilocalories.

Accepted Answer

These nutrients are essential for bone health. Calcium and vitamin D are crucial for bone density and overall bone health. Magnesium and potassium help with the incorporation of calcium into the bone. Vitamin K is important for bone metabolism. Omega-3 fatty acids can reduce inflammation that might affect bone health. Adequate protein and calories are necessary for maintaining bone mass and overall health.

Question 17

Bone mineral density increases during childhood and adolescence, and peaks in early adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Bone mineral density increases during childhood and adolescence due to growth and development, and typically reaches its peak in early adulthood, after which it stabilizes and eventually begins to decline with age.

Question 18

The best way to predict the likelihood of getting osteoporosis is to measure dietary calcium intake.

Accepted Answer

Bone density tests are more accurate in predicting the likelihood of osteoporosis than simply measuring dietary calcium intake, as they directly assess bone health and strength.

Question 19

Swimming has been shown to correct low bone mass density.

Accepted Answer

Swimming, while excellent for cardiovascular health and muscle tone, is not the most effective exercise for increasing bone mass density due to its low-impact nature. Weight-bearing exercises are more beneficial for improving bone density.

Question 20

Dietary changes can reverse bone thinning.

Accepted Answer

Dietary changes, especially those increasing intake of calcium and vitamin D, can help improve bone density and reverse bone thinning, which is crucial in the prevention and management of osteoporosis.

Quiz 12: Major Minerals