Question 1

According to your text, how can you apply REBT to your own life?

Accepted Answer

The most effective way to apply REBT to your own life is to identify and challenge your own irrational beliefs. This can be done through self-reflection and/or in consultation with a therapist, but ultimately it is up to the individual to actively work on changing their thought patterns. While it may be helpful to point out irrational beliefs in others, the focus should primarily be on one's own beliefs and how they can be changed.

Question 2

The process by which the therapist and client work to change destructive ways of thinking is called _____.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive restructuring is a therapeutic process in which a therapist and client work together to change negative or destructive thinking patterns, by challenging and replacing them with more positive and adaptive thoughts. It is a key component of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and other evidence-based psychotherapies. Options A, B, and D do not fully capture the specific process of cognitive restructuring. Problem-solving is a broader term that can apply to various approaches used to address specific issues or challenges. Self-talk refers to the internal dialogue we engage in and may or may not involve an explicit focus on changing thinking patterns. Rational recovery is a specific approach to addressing addiction that emphasizes personal responsibility and self-reliance, but it does not necessarily involve cognitive restructuring.

Question 3

_____ is Ellis's approach to therapy

Accepted Answer

Ellis's approach to therapy is Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT).

Question 4

Cognitive therapy alters _____, the things people say to themselves when they interpret events.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy aims to modify clients' self-talk or thoughts, which includes their interpretation of events or situations. By changing their self-talk, clients can alter their beliefs and emotional responses to events, leading to more adaptive and positive behavior. Self-analysis, delusional beliefs, and incongruent thoughts may be part of the self-talk but are not the main focus of cognitive therapy.

Question 5

Ellis's approach to cognitive therapy attempts to eliminate self-defeating beliefs through rational examination. He named his approach REBT, or _____ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Ellis's approach to cognitive therapy is known as rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT). This approach aims to challenge and change irrational or self-defeating beliefs by using rational examination and logical thinking.

Question 6

This form of therapy focuses on faulty thought processes and beliefs to treat problem behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy focuses on identifying and changing negative or irrational thoughts and beliefs that contribute to problem behaviors. It is based on the idea that our thoughts and perceptions influence our emotions and behavior, and by changing our thoughts, we can also change how we feel and behave. Self-talk therapy and thought analysis may be part of cognitive therapy, but they do not encompass the full approach. Belief-behavior therapy is not a recognized form of therapy.

Question 7

Cognitive therapists assume that problem behaviors and emotions are caused by _____.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapists believe that faulty thought processes and beliefs are the root cause of problem behaviors and emotions. Negative self-image, incongruent belief systems, and lack of self-discipline may be contributing factors, but they are not the primary cause according to cognitive therapy.

Question 8

In Ellis's REBT, the letters ABC represent _____.

Accepted Answer

In Ellis's REBT, the letters ABC represent Activating event, Belief system, emotional Consequence. A represents the event that triggers a person's irrational beliefs, B represents the beliefs or thoughts that one has about the event, and C represents the emotional and behavioral consequences that follow as a result of the beliefs.

Question 9

When Rudyard missed the bus to school, he immediately thought to himself, "The teacher will never let me in late to the final exam. I'm doomed." Rudyard's thoughts are an example of _____, which cognitive therapists attempt to change using _____.

Accepted Answer

Rudyard's thoughts are an example of negative self-talk that can be changed through cognitive restructuring, which involves identifying and changing negative thought patterns into more realistic and positive ones. Option A and B are incorrect because self-analysis and problem-solving do not specifically target negative self-talk patterns. Option C is incorrect because reality therapy is a form of therapy focused on present behavior and actions, rather than changing cognitive patterns.

Question 10

Barney read the script wrong three times in a row during this morning's show. He believes his career is over, and he is filled with self-hatred. Beck would say Barney is at risk for developing depression because he is engaging in _____.

Accepted Answer

Beck's cognitive theory of depression suggests that overgeneralization, where one negative event is seen as a never-ending pattern of defeat, can contribute to depression. Barney's belief that his career is over due to a few mistakes is an example of overgeneralization.

Question 11

The name of a psychodynamically based, brief form of therapy identified in your text is _________.

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal therapy (IPT) is a psychodynamic, time-limited therapy that focuses on interpersonal relationships and communication patterns. It aims to help clients improve their relationships and communication skills by identifying and addressing patterns of behavior that may be causing distress or interfering with their ability to form and maintain healthy relationships. Other types of therapy listed, such as cognitive and behavioral therapy, are not psychodynamically based. Hydrotherapy refers to the use of water for therapeutic purposes and is not a form of psychotherapy.

Question 12

Research suggests that Beck's and Ellis's cognitive therapies work for _____.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that both Beck's and Ellis's cognitive therapies are effective in treating a range of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, bulimia, and addiction disorders. They are not typically used to treat severe psychotic disorders, as these conditions usually require more extensive medical and pharmacological interventions.

Question 13

Boris believes that everyone has to like him, or he is not loveable. This is an example of one of Beck's maladaptive thought patterns called _____.

Accepted Answer

This statement is an example of "all-or-nothing thinking," a cognitive distortion identified by Aaron Beck, where individuals see things in black-and-white categories. If not everyone likes Boris, he believes he is not loveable at all, demonstrating this polarized way of thinking.

Question 14

Both critics AND psychoanalysts agree that psychoanalysis _____.

Accepted Answer

Both critics and psychoanalysts agree that psychoanalysis cannot be scientifically validated, due to its reliance on subjective interpretations and the difficulty in testing its efficacy through controlled studies.

Question 15

Casey believes it is useless to keep writing because she has received so many manuscript rejections and only one screenplay acceptance. Beck would consider Casey's depression to be due to her use of _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Casey believes it is useless to keep...

Question 16

Ketan turned down Desma's invitation to eat lunch together. Desma thought to herself, "Nobody ever likes me," and immediately felt depressed and lonely. Ellis's RET approach to therapy would directly address which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Ellis's RET approach aims to challenge and change irrational and negative thinking patterns, which in this case would be Desma's irrationally pessimistic and global thinking ("Nobody ever likes me"). Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Options A and B are not directly related to Desma's thought process in this specific scenario.

Question 17

Modern psychodynamic therapy is different from psychoanalysis in all but which of the following reasons?

Accepted Answer

All of the listed reasons differentiate modern psychodynamic therapy from traditional psychoanalysis. Modern psychodynamic therapy is typically briefer and occurs in a face-to-face setting. It also tends to be more directive, with the therapist taking a more active approach in guiding the therapy process compared to the more passive role of the analyst in traditional psychoanalysis.

Question 18

Ellis calls REBT a(n)__________ approach.

Accepted Answer

Ellis calls REBT an ABCD approach, with the ABC representing the process of identifying the Activating event, Beliefs about that event, and the Consequences of those beliefs, and the D representing the process of disputing and changing irrational beliefs to lead to more functional emotions and behaviors.

Question 19

Ioana believes she has the ugliest face in the world because of a small mole on her nose. According to Beck, Ioana's frequent depression is related to the maladaptive thought pattern called _____.

Accepted Answer

Magnification, also known as "catastrophizing," involves blowing things out of proportion and exaggerating the negative aspects of a situation. Ioana's belief that she has the ugliest face in the world because of a small mole on her nose is an example of magnification.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a belief shared by both psychoanalysts and cognitive therapists?

Accepted Answer

The belief that behavior changes are the result of the release of underlying tension and anxiety created by unexamined thoughts and beliefs is specific to psychoanalysts, while cognitive therapists focus on changing problematic thoughts and beliefs to improve behavior. The other beliefs listed are shared by both psychoanalysts and cognitive therapists.

Quiz 15: Psychotherapy